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National Institute on Drug Abuse - Intramural Research Program

  National Institute on Drug Abuse | NIH IRP | Treatment Information
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Hot off the Press

AI-based analysis of social media language predicts addiction treatment dropout at 90 days

A portion of a figure from this article

Hot Off the Press – May 23, 2023 Published in Neuropsychopharmacology by Brenda Curtis and Salvatore Giorgi of the NIDA IRP Technology and Translational Research Unit in collaboration with other researchers. Summary Assessing an individual’s risk of substance use treatment dropout traditionally involves comprehensive, structured interviews which are time consuming and costly to administer. More… [Read More]

Role of Piriform Cortex and Its Afferent Projections in Relapse to Fentanyl Seeking after Food Choice-Induced Voluntary Abstinence

Study Authors Sarah Claypool and David Reiner

Hot Off the Press – May 18, 2023 Summary NIDA researchers previously showed a role of Pir in fentanyl relapse after food choice-induced voluntary abstinence in rats, a procedure mimicking human abstinence or a significant reduction in drug self-administration because of the availability of alternative nondrug rewards. Here, they aimed to further characterize the role… [Read More]

Dopaminergic prediction errors in the ventral tegmental area reflect a multithreaded predictive model

A photo of spools of thread

Hot Off the Press – May 5, 2023 Published in Nature Neuroscience by Yuji Takahashi, Thomas Stalnaker, Lauren Mueller, and Geoffrey Schoenbaum of the NIDA IRP Behavioral Neurophysiology Neuroscience Section. Summary Dopamine neurons signal reward prediction errors – critical teaching signals that are broadcast throughout the brain to undergird associative learning.  Current models applied to… [Read More]

The role of the lateral orbitofrontal cortex in creating cognitive maps

Hot Off the Press – March 28, 2023 Published in Nature Neuroscience by Kauê Machado Costa and Geoffrey Schoenbaum of the NIDA IRP Behavioral Neurophysiology Neuroscience Section. Summary We use mental models of the world – also called cognitive maps – to guide behavior. Several mental illnesses, including schizophrenia and substance use disorder, involve disruptions… [Read More]

Effect of Selective Lesions of Nucleus Accumbens µ-Opioid Receptor-Expressing Cells on Heroin Self-Administration in Male and Female Rats: A Study with Novel Oprm1-Cre Knock-in Rats

Jennifer Bossert, Ph.D.

Hot Off the Press – March 16, 2023 Summary The brain µ-opioid receptor (MOR) is critical for the analgesic, rewarding, and addictive effects of opioid drugs. However, in rat models of opioid-related behaviors, the circuit mechanisms of MOR-expressing cells are less known because of a lack of genetic tools to selectively manipulate them. We introduce… [Read More]

Role of ventral subiculum neuronal ensembles in incubation of oxycodone craving after electric barrier-induced voluntary abstinence

Ida Fredriksson and Pei-Jung Tsai

Hot Off the Press – January 26, 2023 Summary We recently introduced a rat model of incubation (time-dependent increase) of oxycodone craving after voluntary abstinence induced by negative consequences of drug seeking. Here, we used the activity marker Fos, muscimol-baclofen (GABAa+GABAb receptor agonists) global inactivation, and Daun02 selective inactivation of putative relapse-associated neuronal ensembles, to… [Read More]

Calcium activity is a degraded estimate of spikes

Study Author Evan Hart

Hot Off the Press – December 22, 2022 Summary Neurons communicate via electrical signals – spikes – and recording these has provided fundamental information regarding how the brain works. When neurons send electrical signals, several other biological signals occur, notably calcium. Calcium signaling is often used to make inferences about spike activity. However, it was… [Read More]

Incubation of palatable food craving is associated with brain-wide neuronal activation in mice

A portion of a figure from this study

Hot Off the Press – November 21, 2022 Summary Relapse to reward seeking progressively increases during abstinence, a behavioral phenomenon termed incubation of craving. Mechanistic studies of incubation can lead to novel relapse treatments. However, previous studies have primarily used rat models and targeted region-by-region analyses, and a brain-wide functional atlas of incubation of reward… [Read More]

Synaptic-like axo-axonal transmission from striatal cholinergic interneurons onto dopaminergic fibers

A portion of a figure from this study

Hot Off the Press – August 15, 2022 Summary Communication between brain cells (neurons) generally involves the unidirectional flow of information. Input from upstream cells arrives onto the dendrites, gets processed in the cell body where it is converted into a rapid electrical wave (action potential) that travels down the axon to trigger the release… [Read More]

Preferential Gs protein coupling of the galanin Gal1 receptor in the µ-opioid-Gal1 receptor heterotetramer

A portion of a figure from this study

Hot Off the Press – July 8, 2022 Published in Pharmacological Research by Paulo De Oliveira, Ph.D. and  Sergi Ferré, M.D., Ph.D. of the NIDA-IRP Integrative Neurobiology Section. Summary We recently demonstrated that complexes (heteromers) of μ-opioid receptors (MORs) and receptors for the neuropeptide galanin of the Gal1subtype (Gal1Rs) localized in the brainstem (in the… [Read More]

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